Description

Haplogroup E (mtDNA) is a subclade of macro-haplogroup M found almost exclusively in Southeast Asia, particularly the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific islands. It is among the characteristic mtDNA lineages of Island Southeast Asian (ISEA) populations and played a significant role in the Austronesian expansion. E is subdivided into E1 and E2, with E1 being particularly common in the Philippines and among Austronesian-speaking populations. It is also present in Melanesia and some Micronesian populations, reflecting the complex population history of the Pacific island region.

Interesting Fact

Haplogroup E is among the best genetic markers of the Austronesian expansion from the Philippines and Taiwan into the Pacific — its distribution closely mirrors the spread of Austronesian languages, which now span an extraordinary range from Madagascar in the west to Easter Island in the east.

Distribution by Ethnicity

Ethnic distributionRegionFrequencySample
FilipinosSoutheast Asia
18%
n=500
MicronesiansPacific
12%
n=200
IndonesiansSoutheast Asia
10%
n=700
MelanesiansPacific
8%
n=300

Tags

References

  1. Trejaut et al. (2005) — Traces of archaic mitochondrial lineages persist in Austronesian-speaking Formosan populations. PLOS Biology 3(8), e247.