Description
Haplogroup C is one of the oldest non-African haplogroups and is associated with some of the earliest out-of-Africa coastal migrations. Its branches span from South Asia (C-M356) to Australia and Melanesia (C-M38 / C4), the Americas (minor presence), and East/Central Asia (C2 / C-M217). C2 in particular became dominant in Mongolia and among Turkic-Mongolic peoples of Central Asia.
Interesting Fact
The Australian Aboriginal paternal lineage belongs predominantly to haplogroup C4 (a branch of C), reflecting the initial peopling of Australia approximately 50,000 years ago — one of the oldest continuous genetic lineages in any single geographic region.
Distribution by Ethnicity
| Ethnic distribution | Region | Frequency | Sample |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aboriginal Australians | Australia | n=150 | |
| Mongols | East Asia / Central Asia | n=500 | |
| Kazakhs | Central Asia | n=600 | |
| Papuans | Oceania | n=200 |
Tags
References
- Karafet et al. (2010) — Major east–west division underlies Y chromosome stratification across Indonesia. Molecular Biology and Evolution 27(8), 1833–1844.